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The SNAP-IV Rating Scale is a revision of the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP) Questionnaire (Swanson et al, 1983).  The items from the DSM-IV (1994) criteria for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are included for the two subsets of symptoms: inattention (items #1-#9) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (items #11-#19).  Also, items are included from the DSM-IV criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (items #21-#28) since it often is present in children with ADHD.

In addition to the DSM-IV items for ADHD and ODD, the SNAP-IV contains items from the Conners Index Questionnaire (Conners 1968) and the IOWA Conners Questionnaire (Loney and Milich, 1985).  The IOWA was developed using divergent validity to separate items which measure inattention/overactivity (I/O - items #4, #8, #11, #31, #32) from those items which measure aggression/defiance (A/D - items #21, #23, #29, #34, #35).  The Conners Index (items #4, #8, #11l, #21, #32, #33, #36, #37, #38, #39) was developed by selecting the items which loaded highest on the multiple factors of the Conners Questionnaire, and thus represents a general index of childhood problems.

The SNAP-IV is based on a 0 to 3 rating scale: Not At All = 0, Just A Little = 1, Quite A Bit = 2, and Very Much = 3. Subscale scores on the SNAP-IV are calculated by summing the scores on the item in the subset and dividing by the number of items in the subset.  The score for any subset is expressed as the Average Rating-Per-Item, as shown for ratings on the ADHD-Inattentive (ADHD-I) subset:

A scoring template for the DSM-IV subtypes of ADHD (In and H/Im), for ODD; for the dimensions of the CLAM (I/O and A/D); and for the Conners Index are presented below: